SNAP at a glance: Key changes from HR 1

Access to healthy food is a major contributor to overall health. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) combats food insecurity by providing individuals and families with financial support to purchase food. In Ohio, families use SNAP benefits to buy food at more than 9,964 authorized retailers, and those purchases also support the broader economy, with the USDA estimating that every $1 in SNAP benefits generates up to $1.50 in economic activity.

The federal reconciliation bill known as HR 1 or the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” which was enacted in July 2025, made substantial changes to SNAP that will affect eligibility for the program, as well as how Ohio and other states administer it.

Major changes include:

• Changes to work requirements
• Changes to eligibility based on immigration status
• Changes to funding

3 Key takeaways

• SNAP enables over 1.4 million Ohioans to meet their basic food needs and supports local economies by generating up to $1.50 in economic activity for every $1 in benefits spent.
• HR 1’s SNAP eligibility restrictions and expanded work requirements are expected to negatively impact the ability of Ohioans to access healthy food.
• Ohio’s share of SNAP costs is projected to rise 268%, from $146 million to nearly $540 million, due to provisions in HR 1 that shift more administrative and benefit costs onto states.

Resources

• County Fact Sheets, Ohio Association of Foodbanks
• Am I exempt from SNAP work requirements? Has my eligibility status changed?, Center for Community Solutions

For more information about changes to SNAP from HR 1, see the following resources:

• USDA Federal Guidance on HR 1
• National Association of County Organizations Report